Within the domain of electric vehicles (EVs), the wiring harness functions as an indispensable lifeline, much like blood vessels in living things, enabling the passage of electrical signals necessary for operating and managing diverse car systems. Together, these systems—which include lighting signals, motors, control units, and auxiliary functions—move the car forward. We distinguish between high-pressure and low-pressure variations of the wiring harness, each of which is important in and of itself.
High-Voltage Wire Harness:
- High-voltage wire harnesses, which are fundamental to new energy vehicles, are the building blocks of high-voltage systems, analogous to the neural networks found in human bodies. These harnesses, which are arranged in EVs according to voltage levels, effectively disperse electric energy to different systems and guarantee accurate signal distribution inside distribution boxes. Important characteristics consist of: Pressure and temperature resistance, essential for robust performance. Shielded high-voltage lines to mitigate electromagnetic and radio frequency interference. Large voltage and current capacity to accommodate the demands of EVs, which can reach up to 600 volts.
- High-voltage wire harness layout follows stringent safety regulations; dual-track systems are used, and the vehicle body is not used as a grounding point. High-voltage wire harness connector selection prioritizes features like loop interlock, voltage resistance, waterproofing, and shielding connections.
Low-Voltage Wire Harness:
- Low-voltage wire harnesses, which include power supply harnesses and signal wires, perform conventional automotive tasks and allow robust electric control unit modules to operate. It is crucial to take precautions because high-voltage counterparts may interfere. Various low-voltage shielding wires are used for different signal sources; these wires are chosen according to frequency factors. Automotive wiring harness development is in line with the changing needs of new energy vehicles, which call for improvements in electromagnetic compatibility, mechanical strength, conveying capacity, and insulation protection.
- Important avenues for development consist of: Multi-channel transmission technology: Facilitating shared information resources among different electrical control systems, leading to compact structures and reduced manufacturing costs. Multi-station connection technology: Streamlining connections between internal systems, enhancing data sharing, and reducing production costs and cycles. Integrated electronic and electrical technology: Centralizing management of electronic and electrical equipment, optimizing energy allocation, and enabling comprehensive signal analysis and transmission.
- As we delve deeper into the intricacies of electric vehicles, it’s imperative to recognize the indispensable role of these “blood vessels.” Wiring harnesses serve as the backbone of EV operations, ensuring seamless functionality and driving performance.