Power batteries stand at the forefront of the electric vehicle (EV) revolution, serving as the lifeblood of these eco-friendly vehicles and a pivotal factor influencing their development. As the world accelerates toward a sustainable transportation future, the key challenge lies in crafting power batteries that offer higher energy density, increased power output, extended service life, and cost-effectiveness.
In this overview, we delve into the common performance indicators of electric vehicle power batteries, encompassing crucial metrics like State of Charge (SOC), State of Health (SOH), and Battery Management System (BMS). These indicators play a vital role in ensuring the efficiency, reliability, and safety of EV operations. Furthermore, we explore the essential performance requirements for power batteries in electric vehicles, emphasizing the need for optimal energy storage, maximum power output, cost efficiency, and user-friendly maintenance.
Additionally, we categorize power batteries into three types—chemical, physical, and biological—each contributing uniquely to the diverse landscape of EV technology. Join us on this exploration into the heart of new energy vehicle power batteries, where innovation sparks a sustainable and electrifying future.
- Terms and metrics frequently used to describe electric vehicle power batteries
State Of Charge (SOC): The remaining capacity of the battery and the percentage of total capacity.
State Of Health (SOH): Provide battery health status information.
Battery Management System (BMS): Rreal-time monitoring of power battery operation parameters, fault diagnosis, SOC estimation, driving mileage estimation, shortcircuit protection, leakage monitoring, display alarm, charging and discharging mode selection, etc., so as to ensure electric steam The car is efficient, reliable, and safe to operate.
Ratio energy (Wh/kg): The size of the electrical energy emitted by the electrode material per unit mass, which marks the endurance of electric vehicles in pure electric mode.
Ratio power (W/kg): The power provided by the battery per unit mass is used to judge the acceleration performance and maximum speed of electric vehicles, which directly affects the power performance of electric vehicles.
Cycle life: The number of battery charging and one-week discharge cycle is an important indicator to measure the power battery life. The more cycles, the longer the power battery will be used. The rate of discharge of the pool is a quantity of speed and slow discharge.
Battery discharge C (double) rate: indicates the rate of battery discharge, that is, a measure of the speed of discharge. The total capacity of the battery is 1h discharge, which is called 1C discharge.
Discharge depth (DOD): refers to the ratio of the capacity released by the battery to the rated capacity of the battery.
- Power battery performance requirements for electric vehicles
As an energy storage device of a vehicle, electric vehicle batteries not only require sufficient energy to meet a certain driving cycle and mileage, but also provide the maximum power required to achieve the specified acceleration performance of the vehicle. That is to say, the power battery is required to have good charging and discharging performance, high specific power and specific energy, low price, and convenient use and maintenance.
- Power battery types of electric vehicles
There are three types of power batteries commonly used in electric vehicles:
Chemical batteries: devices that use chemical energy to convert electrical energy are mainly divided into two categories: storage batteries and fuel cells.
Physical batteries: devices that rely on physical changes to provide and store electrical energy, such as supercapacitors, flywheel batteries and solar cells.
Biological batteries: devices that use biochemical reactions to generate electricity,such as microbial batteries use the anodes of batteries to replace natural electron receptors such as oxygen or nitrates to generate electrical energy through the continuous transfer of electrons.
In conclusion, the realm of new energy vehicle power batteries is marked by an exciting intersection of innovation and sustainability. As we strive for electric vehicles to rival their fuel counterparts, the pursuit of higher energy, greater power, extended life, and affordability remains paramount. The performance indicators, from SOC and SOH to BMS, serve as the compass guiding the evolution of power batteries, ensuring efficiency and safety. The diverse types of power batteries—chemical, physical, and biological—contribute to a dynamic landscape, offering unique solutions for energy storage. This overview underscores the pivotal role of power batteries in reshaping the future of transportation, where breakthroughs in technology drive us closer to a greener and more electrifying horizon.