The increasing adoption of energy storage systems (ESS) has necessitated stringent safety regulations. GB51048, a key national standard in China, provides crucial guidelines for the fire safety of energy storage power stations.
Key Fire Safety Requirements in GB51048
- Fire Resistance and Separation:
- Building Structures: The standard specifies fire resistance levels and separation distances for buildings, structures, and equipment within the energy storage facility.
- Fire Walls: The use of fire walls is encouraged to limit the spread of fire within the facility.
2. Fire Hazard Classification:
- Battery Room Classification: The standard classifies the battery room as a Class E fire hazard, indicating a low fire load. This classification has implications for fire protection system design and maintenance
3. Fire Protection Systems:
- Fire Water Supply: Adequate fire water supply systems, including fire hydrants and sprinkler systems, are required.
- Fire Alarm Systems: The installation of fire alarm systems, including smoke and heat detectors, is mandatory.
- Fire Extinguishing Systems: Specific fire extinguishing systems, such as heptafluoropropane gas flooding or water mist systems, are designed to effectively suppress fires in battery rooms.
The Role of Industry Innovation
Beyond the regulatory requirements, industry leaders like BYD and CATL have further advanced fire safety in energy storage systems. They have introduced innovative fire suppression technologies, such as multiple compensation jet fire extinguishing and re-ignition suppression systems. These technologies offer enhanced protection against battery fires, particularly in large-scale energy storage facilities.
Compliance with National Standards
To ensure the safety and reliability of energy storage systems, manufacturers must adhere to national standards and certifications. Fire alarm detection systems, fire extinguishing devices, and other safety equipment must comply with relevant national standards, such as the CCC certification.
By following these guidelines and incorporating advanced fire protection technologies, the energy storage industry can mitigate risks and ensure the long-term safety of these critical infrastructure components.